His idea was to relocate the poor workers who lived in the inner-city slums to newly constructed suburbs, and to provide cheap rail travel for them to get to work. He saw both social and economic advantages in building an underground railway that would link the overground railway stations together and clear London slums at the same time. Numerous schemes were proposed to resolve these problems, but few succeeded.Īmongst the most vocal advocates for a solution to London’s traffic problems was Charles Pearson, who worked as a solicitor for the City of London. It could take an hour and a half to travel 8 km by horse-drawn carriage or bus. The area within consisted of poorly built, overcrowded slums and the streets were full of horse-drawn traffic. The result was that the overground railway stations formed a ring around the City. However, in 1846, a Royal Commission decided that the railways should not be allowed to enter the City, the capital’s historic and business centre. In addition, the expansion of the overground railway network resulted in more and more passengers arriving in the capital. In the first half of the 1800s, London’s population grew at an astonishing rate, and the central area became increasingly congested.
The development of the London underground railway
You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13 which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.
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